blog:linux_on_usb_stick
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blog:linux_on_usb_stick [2017-07-05 10:42] – brb | blog:linux_on_usb_stick [2017-10-21 14:36] (current) – brb | ||
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* Fast and large USB 3.0 Drive (Sandisk Extreme 128GB) (INSTALLSTICK) | * Fast and large USB 3.0 Drive (Sandisk Extreme 128GB) (INSTALLSTICK) | ||
* Any USB Drive with 4GB (STARTSTICK) | * Any USB Drive with 4GB (STARTSTICK) | ||
- | * Debian Linux 9.0 Live iso copied to a second USB Stick, any brand will do | ||
* A current full backup of the computer you are using | * A current full backup of the computer you are using | ||
Installing Debian on a USB Stick with encryption | Installing Debian on a USB Stick with encryption | ||
- | * Download ISO https:// | + | * Download ISO for the Distribution of your choice: |
- | * Copy ISO to the STARTSTICK using '' | + | * MINT is easy to get started and looks great: https:// |
+ | * Debian is rock solid and easy to install but needs a bit more work to get started: | ||
+ | * https:// | ||
+ | * https:// | ||
+ | * Ubuntu provides an easy start, but has lots of software preinstalled which you may not want: https:// | ||
+ | * Copy ISO to the STARTSTICK using '' | ||
* Boot your computer with STARTSTICK. You may need to enter the BIOS and choose a temporary startup device and/or add the usb stick to the boot options. If the usb stick is not recognized, it may help to try different usb ports. | * Boot your computer with STARTSTICK. You may need to enter the BIOS and choose a temporary startup device and/or add the usb stick to the boot options. If the usb stick is not recognized, it may help to try different usb ports. | ||
* When STARTSTICK boots, choose graphical install | * When STARTSTICK boots, choose graphical install | ||
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Post install work: | Post install work: | ||
- | * To connect the computer to a wireless network, you will probably need to install non-free drivers. | + | * To connect the computer to a wireless network, you will probably need to install non-free drivers. |
+ | < | ||
+ | ... | ||
+ | deb http:// | ||
+ | deb-src http:// | ||
+ | ... | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | * Then do '' | ||
- | ==== Optimizing performance ==== | + | ===== Optimizing performance |
- | # noatime | + | ==== noatime |
By default, the ext3/ext4 filesystem updates the access time attribute on a file system object whenever it's read. This results in even the most trivial file reads result in a write operation. Keeping the access time updated is only important for some very specific tasks which we're not likely to come across. | By default, the ext3/ext4 filesystem updates the access time attribute on a file system object whenever it's read. This results in even the most trivial file reads result in a write operation. Keeping the access time updated is only important for some very specific tasks which we're not likely to come across. | ||
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/ | / | ||
- | tmpfs | + | ==== tmpfs ==== |
There should be no application that writes data that needs to be persistant to the /tmp directory. Let's move it into RAM so there are no disk reads or writes associated with it's usage. | There should be no application that writes data that needs to be persistant to the /tmp directory. Let's move it into RAM so there are no disk reads or writes associated with it's usage. | ||
Line 48: | Line 59: | ||
Append the following to /etc/fstab: | Append the following to /etc/fstab: | ||
- | tmpfs / | + | |
- | Kernel Boot Options | + | ==== Kernel Boot Options |
This one is purely for appearances. It can be disconcerting if you start up your machine and you get a blank screen for an extended period. This does happen though while the Kernel and InitRAMFS images are loaded from your slower storage. There is a simple alteration that makes Grub output a little imformation to let you know that things are happening | This one is purely for appearances. It can be disconcerting if you start up your machine and you get a blank screen for an extended period. This does happen though while the Kernel and InitRAMFS images are loaded from your slower storage. There is a simple alteration that makes Grub output a little imformation to let you know that things are happening | ||
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Open / | Open / | ||
- | linux_entry " | + | |
" | " | ||
quiet | quiet | ||
Line 62: | Line 73: | ||
We're just going to remove the quiet option: | We're just going to remove the quiet option: | ||
- | linux_entry " | + | |
- | " | + | " |
Note: notice that the ' | Note: notice that the ' | ||
Line 72: | Line 83: | ||
Open / | Open / | ||
- | GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="" | + | |
Add the verbose option: | Add the verbose option: | ||
- | GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=" | + | |
Now, use update-grub to apply your changed setting to grub.cfg and restart for the change to take effect. | Now, use update-grub to apply your changed setting to grub.cfg and restart for the change to take effect. | ||
- | sudo update-grub | + | |
- | sudo reboot | + | sudo reboot |
- | IO Scheduler | + | ==== IO Scheduler |
- | Reference: http:// | + | Reference: |
The default IO Scheduler used by Ubuntu is cfq. Changing this to deadline will see improved performance during times where multiple processes are trying to read/write to disk. You can change the default scheduler for all devices by adding a kernel parameter into grub. | The default IO Scheduler used by Ubuntu is cfq. Changing this to deadline will see improved performance during times where multiple processes are trying to read/write to disk. You can change the default scheduler for all devices by adding a kernel parameter into grub. | ||
- | Open / | + | Open '' |
- | GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="" | + | |
Add the elevator option: | Add the elevator option: | ||
- | GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=" | + | |
Or, if you added the verbose option earlier: | Or, if you added the verbose option earlier: | ||
- | GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=" | + | |
Now, use update-grub to apply your changed setting to grub.cfg and restart for the change to take effect. | Now, use update-grub to apply your changed setting to grub.cfg and restart for the change to take effect. | ||
- | sudo update-grub | + | |
- | sudo reboot | + | sudo reboot |
To see that your new scheduler has taken effect you can query which scheduler is currently in use for a specific device with this command: | To see that your new scheduler has taken effect you can query which scheduler is currently in use for a specific device with this command: | ||
- | cat / | + | |
+ | |||
+ | ===== SATA ALPM ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | To save more power when using sata drives, consider https:// | ||
- | * To optimize the performance of you USB Stick: | + | Ref: http:// |
{{tag>}} | {{tag>}} |
blog/linux_on_usb_stick.1499244163.txt.gz · Last modified: 2017-07-05 10:42 by brb